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Showing posts with label gardening. Show all posts
Showing posts with label gardening. Show all posts

Sunday, 28 April 2019

Turn your lawn into a meadow

A very simple tip from the Guardian this week: 

Why you should turn your lawn into a meadow

Most lawns are biodiversity deserts, but there is a simple way to encourage nature – and you don’t even have to ditch the mower


Alys Fowler
Wed 24 Apr 2019
Comments 864
 



A wildflower meadow: ‘every inch of soil is waiting for its moment to burst forth’. File:Wildflower meadow in Manor Park (geograph 3015138).jpg - Wikimedia Commons

My garden sings its own song. It starts after the dawn chorus with the honeybees, followed by the heavier buzz of the bumbles, punctuated by the hoverflies’ higher pitch. You can even sometimes hear the rustle and creak of beetles as evening comes. To lie among it, eyes closed, is to hear something exquisite.

My garden sings this song because it is allowed to. I have long been a proponent of neglecting lawns to nurture nature, as Margaret Renkl recently made the case for in the New York Times – and there isn’t a manicured strip of green that doesn’t ache to do the same.

Most lawns have been silenced by the regime of a lawnmower, leaving just a few species of grass. They are biodiversity deserts, barren of beetle and bee, contributing to a vanishing insect population – and worse still, we pursue this. There are aisles in garden centres promising ever-greener sward, with no moss and weeds. Let there be no misunderstanding: these are chemicals that silence the soil.

There is another way. Your lawn is already a wildflower meadow – every inch of soil is waiting for its moment to burst forth. Those weeds are some of the best insect food, growing despite the weather, endlessly repeat blooming, rich in nectar and pollen. A seed bank is already there – it might even contain orchids. Oh, and perhaps plenty of moss, essential stuff for nests and nature of all sorts.

The simplest route to this is not to abandon your lawn and mower but to learn how to move the mower’s blades up, so the cut is higher than 10cm. Hold out for your first cut until the end of June, then leave a month between each cut until autumn. If you need a route to the washing line or shed, mow just a path. The wildflowers will adapt and bloom under your blades, the bees will dance and the birds will sing in praise of it all.

Saturday, 6 April 2019

Social prescribing > gardening rather than drugs

"Social prescribing is a way of linking patients in primary care with sources of support within the community to help improve their health and well-being."
Social prescribing: less rhetoric and more reality. A systematic review of the evidence | BMJ Open
NHS England » Social prescribing
Home | The Social Prescribing Network

Health, in other words, is a social issue.

It can involve getting us to move a bit more:
Futures Forum: Active by Design Summit: Sustrans "discuss the massive gains that can come from increasing physical activity levels in cities."

It can be about better design of our environment:
Futures Forum: Landscaping for Health

It can mean getting some fresh air in nature:
Futures Forum: Hug a tree > it's good for you
Futures Forum: "Green care"  >>> nature-based interventions for mental health care
Futures Forum: Take a walk: it's good for you!

It can be about learning to cope:
Futures Forum: Resilience and Salutogenesis: "Environment, health and resilient cities: what constitutes salutogenic environments?"

It should be all about community:
Futures Forum: 'Down to Earth': using sustainability to improve people’s mental health

It could be about a spot of gardening: 

‘My doctor prescribed me gardening rather than drugs. It has made a big difference to my mental health’

Karen Litton had been suffering with depression for eight years when she was introduced to garden allotments next to Vale Community Hospital

Friday March 29th 2019

Karen Litton had been suffering with depression for the last eight years when a friend introduced her to the garden allotments next to Vale Community Hospital in Dursley, Gloucestershire.

The area was a wasteland until Down to Earth, a local not-for-profit organisation that supports people in growing and harvesting their own fruit and vegetables, teamed up with local doctors to introduce a social prescribing scheme that allows patients to tend their own allotment – instead of receiving medication.

“My friend was prescribed an allotment herself and told me how good it was for her,” says Karen. “I then saw my GP and asked for a referral. It’s very good for me because I suffer with depression, which can be quite isolative, whereas here I feel part of a group, I meet lots of new people.”

The allotment is also somewhere Karen, 53, can bring Hope, her seven-year old Yorkshire Terrier poking her head out from Karen’s jacket where she enjoys sheltering to stave off the rather cold and windy weather on the day i visits the gardens.

“I’ve put in broad beans, leeks and garlic – and also have rhubarb that came with the allotment. Being here also helps build my knowledge of weeds and plants and flowers, not that I remember them all the time! There’s so much to learn. I’ve been doing it for a couple of months so I’m beginning to get to know people’s names and building a group of friendship really.”

Non-medical treatments


Social prescribing – non-medical treatments which have health benefits – forms a key part of the NHS long term plan, launched in January by Theresa May and NHS England chief executive Simon Stevens. Within five years over 2.5 million more people will benefit from social prescribing according to the plan, which promises over 1,000 trained social prescribing link workers will be in place by the end of 2020/21. Health Secretary Matt Hancock has said he wants the “balance shifted” from drugs to social activities to improve the nation’s health.

Down to Earth founder Amanda Godber spent three years leading the £25,000 Dursley project – from the design to the funding, which is almost entirely charitable rather than from NHS budgets – through to its recent launch. Of the 51 raised beds, each measuring 16 feet by 4 feet, five are currently used by patients with plans to increase that figure to 15. The only thing that is banned are potatoes – and trees. Amanda has already spotted on this morning. “That’ll have to come out,” she says.

“One of the reasons shy it works so well is that it’s become an extension of someone’s garden, which is really good. When people think about it as a garden – that’s a lovely place to be.”Dr Simon Opher, of the Walnut Tree Practice in

Dr Simon Opher, from The May Lane Surgery, in Dursley, has worked on the project in conjunction with Down to Earth since the outset and is delighted with the results. As well as growing cabbages, cauliflowers, leaks, or almost anything they fancy, patients can make a cup of tea, chat and bond with other people. Most patients using them are over 50 with some around the age of 30. They tend to visit up to three times a week.

“It’s not actually a therapy, it’s getting people to do different things,” Dr Opher says. “It’s trying to demedicalise what we’re doing. I think it’s generally true that we’ve all got a bit too medicalised, so if you’re a bit isolated you tend to go to your doctor rather than talk to your neighbour – then the doctor medicalises you by potentially giving you tablets. This was a different response to that. It’s not saying that medicine doesn’t have a place, it’s saying that sometimes you can look to do different things to make people better as well.”

There are several factors behind the increasing number of people who say they are socially isolated, he says, including a reliance on cars, the “slight breakdown” of local communities, and the way organised religion has stopped attracting quite so many people to weekly gatherings.

“This is a way of getting people back together and doing something positive. One thing about the allotments is that they don’t do any harm – you can’t get any side effects! Well, apart from getting a bit chilly,” Dr Opher laughs.

Changes to diet

An evaluation of the Dursley project found that not only did patients enjoy being prescribed an allotment to care for, but that it also made them think more about their diet. “That was an interesting outcome, because if you start growing your own food you start saying ‘this is really fresh and it tastes better’, it promotes a more healthy eating,” Dr Opher says.

The only downside seems to be the finite number of people who can prescribed an allotment. “If it gets really popular we might be in trouble,” he adds.

Social prescribing is for anyone with a physical or mental health diagnosis. A patient is prescribed an allotment for up to a year. If they want to keep it on longer there’s a nominal charge of £11 per year to keep going – or hand it back for someone else to enjoy.

I think it’s about people missing that link with nature as well,” says Amanda. “About being outside in the fresh air with a group of people who have similar interests. It’s a really good move from the government by encouraging it, otherwise we go and get medication which doesn’t need medicalising. It’s good to have a reason to get up and go out the door.”

Karen says she has noticed the benefits to her mental health already. “When I’m down here, I forget about my worries. I can be part of a group, talking to people. People who just accept you for what you are rather than what diagnosis you have. That’s really important.

“If I didn’t do this I might not be doing anything on a Thursday, maybe not even leave the house.”


'My doctor prescribed me gardening rather than drugs. It has made a big difference to my mental health' - inews.co.uk
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Monday, 1 April 2019

"A city is not a park" @ Radio 3 > "What would change, psychologically, socially, emotionally, if we covered the concrete and brickwork of our towns and cities with vines, plants and vertical gardens?"

Putting a bit of green up some ugly concrete is known as covering something up:
Futures Forum: Knowle relocation project: greening the grey >>> "Is the trend for foliage on buildings a fig leaf for poor design?"

However, 'greening the grey' might be quite effective - on many levels:
Futures Forum: Vertical forests... vertical gardens...

As explored on this evening's 'the Essay' on Radio 3: 

A City Is not a Park

Des Fitzgerald tracks the relationship between the modern city and its green environs. Drawing together psychological research with urban history and literature it asks: what would change, psychologically, socially, emotionally, if we covered the concrete and brickwork of our towns and cities with vines, plants and vertical gardens? A city is not a park but should it be?
Des Fitzgerald is a sociologist at Cardiff University who is researching health, illness and city living. The Essay was recorded at the Free Thinking Festival with an audience at Sage Gateshead.
New Generation Thinkers is a scheme run by BBC Radio 3 and the Arts and Humanities Research Council to select 10 academics each year who can turn their research into radio.
Producer: Torquil MacLeod.
BBC Radio 3 - The Essay, A City Is not a Park

For a little more, see also:
Futures Forum: Greening Grey Britain
Futures Forum: Greening grey Britain @ Radio 4's Costing the Earth
Futures Forum: Greening grey Britain > tackling pollution and flooding

And:
Futures Forum: A sensory garden for Sidmouth
Futures Forum: "Greening grey Britain for health and happiness" >>> a sensory garden for Sidmouth

And finally:
Futures Forum: Vertical farming
Futures Forum: Vertical farming > "the most technically advanced indoor farm in the world" unveiled
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Friday, 22 March 2019

A biodiversity audit at Great Dixter

Last October, the RHS's garden magazine looked at goings on at Great Dixter:
The Garden magazine / RHS Gardening

Wild times at Great Dixter - article featured in RHS magazine 'The Garden' October edition - ongoing biodiversity surveys show that Great Dixter is attracting a diverse range of wildlife including pollinators. Pg 4-6
Maxine Phillips (@MaxineTWP) on Twitter



We are now entering the last season of the survey:

Biodiversity

The garden at Great Dixter is known for the way in which it merges the natural and the cultivated world. Its long grass, scattered ponds, old walls and changing flower borders provide a rich environment for all manner of fauna and flora.

In 2012 Great Dixter Biodiversity Committee was established to develop and implement biodiversity plans for all habitats on the estate, including in Great Dixter’s gardens and the surrounding fields and woodlands. The committee developed the Biodiversity Policy for the Trust.

With the help of experts and volunteers, Great Dixter has datasets for moths, spiders, bumblebees and butterflies. Click the links to the left to find out more about individual species.
Great Dixter Biodiversity Survey, August 2017 – August 2019

In August 2017 a £30,000 grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF), in addition to support from two private donors provided the funding to run a two year survey. A number of ecologists will be involved including specialists in grassland, ancient woodland and landscape archaeology as well as entomologists, arachnologists and ornithologists. It is hoped that local and national biological recording groups will also take part

The site will be evaluated for habitat diversity, connectivity and opportunity and the findings will influence the way the site is managed in future, balancing the needs of wildlife, access, gardening and forestry. Staff will be shown how to carry out ongoing monitoring.

Christopher Lloyd had a deep knowledge and understanding of the wildlife around him and his gardening was influenced by their needs. When the meadows were cut he would leave a buffer zone for insects and coppicing the woods would be arranged around the nesting habits of woodpeckers. Care and respect for the natural world has been embedded in the way that Great Dixter operates since the Lloyd family bought the property in 1910.

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Saturday, 16 February 2019

A garden bridge for Exeter

We now have a 'new vision' from Exeter City Council - which involves building lots of new housing:
New vision to build 12,000 new homes in Exeter over the next two decades - Exeter City Council
Transforming Exeter - LDA Design

It also involves building a 'garden bridge': 
Jaw dropping 12,000 Exeter homes and garden bridge vision backed - Devon Live
LDA Design proposes garden bridge in Exeter | News | Architects Journal  

As reported by the Architects' Journal's blogger:

Astragal: Garden Bridge has died and gone to Devon

13 FEBRUARY, 2019
BY ASTRAGAL


It looks as though London’s ill-fated Garden Bridge has sunk so far, it has washed up all the way round the English Channel and up the River Exe in Devon

A vision document published by LDA Design and Exeter City Council features a ‘green bridge promoting active travel across the river’.

The proposed crossing is part of a concerted effort to create the UK’s most active city by promoting attractive cycle and walking routes.

Details are sketchy at this stage, with plans at a very early stage and a target implementation period spanning two decades from 2020.

Rumours Joanna Lumley has been spotted on the Devon seafront are as yet unsubstantiated.

Sunday, 20 January 2019

Gardening and growing can really help improve mental health

Sidmouth is not immune from tragedies around mental health:
Family hopes ‘lessons are learnt’ after Sidmouth man dies following mental health ‘failings’ | Breaking news & sport in East Devon | East Devon24

It is of course hoped that lessons have been learnt - and the District Council has been doing its bit by working with young people this year:
24 January 2018 - Mental health workshops organised by council for Sidmouth people - East Devon

However, in September, the issues were again flagged by the leads of the Youth Centre and the Sidmouth Health and Care Forum:
Lack of funding blamed for youth mental health crisis | Latest Sidmouth and Ottery News - Sidmouth Herald

There are meanwhile some very inspiring and positive national organisations which show that working with gardening and growing can really help improve mental health:

One such group is Thrive:
Thrive, charity using gardening and horticulture to change the lives of disabled people

With a nice piece from a couple of months ago:

How gardening improves my mental health

09/10/2018
Every week, one in six of us experiences a common mental health problem. On World Mental Health Day, Thrive Ambassador Mark Lane explains how gardening brought him back from a low ebb and remains a powerful force for good in his life.

Thrive Ambassador Mark Lane

After my car accident in 2001 my recovery was slow, and my mind started to go to some very dark places.

I was diagnosed with co-morbid depression and I am still living with it today.

I have my "spectre of depression" sitting on my shoulder all of the time, but talking to family, friends and professionals I am able to live with and manage my depression.

The largest positive determining factor in my life is gardening and how it and being outdoors has improved my mental health and wellbeing.

I am a great believer, and the research backs this up, that gardening can help reduce anxiety, improve cognitive recall, help with dementia, can help combat isolation, improves physical health and stamina and, of course, makes us feel good by releasing the brain chemical serotonin – the same chemical released when eating a bar of chocolate.

We need to talk

Gardening has helped me greatly. I used to spend days, sometimes weeks, in bed, not wanting to talk to anyone or go outside, but gradually through the introduction of houseplants I started to find my love for gardening again.

As soon as I ventured outside, I loved the feeling of the sun on my face and a breeze across my cheeks. Gardening pushed my "spectre" to the back of my mind. This is why Social and Therapeutic Horticulture (STH) is so important.

I had an amazing occupational therapist at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital in Stanmore, following my car crash, and she showed me how to pace myself, how to focus on my breathing and how to garden again despite being in a wheelchair.

I owe a lot to her and to STH. We need to talk about mental health more openly, share our experiences and remove its stigma. Thrive has been helping people for 40 years and I am so proud to be one its Ambassadors.

So, join me today and celebrate mental health rather than hiding it. Thank you.


How gardening helped improve my mental health

And this is 'Life at Number 27', with some really good tips and advice on how gardening can really help mental health:


https://lifeatno27.com
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Friday, 11 January 2019

Five ways to help butterflies and moths in your garden this year

From Butterfly Conservation's latest newsletter:


Five ways to help butterflies and moths in your garden this year
It is resolution time again so why not choose to help butterflies and moths in your garden this year? Here are five suggestions for activities to engage your brain and body. 
1. Watch out for wildlife 
If you want to know which larger moths are around in your area then try the What’s Flying Tonight app for your computer or phone - just set your location and an illustrated list will appear. The moths currently mentioned for Dorset include The Chestnut, Winter Moth, December Moth and Mottled Umber.Several butterflies have already been spotted this year – the Brimstone, Painted Lady, Peacock, Red Admiral and Small Tortoiseshell were all seen on New Year’s Day. Check out the first sightings page to keep track of the other species as they emerge.
There are also many ways to feed back information to Butterfly Conservation about your sightings throughout the year including recording schemes, surveys and apps.
Why not keep a personal record of your garden through the seasons – either take pictures or keep a nature journal of the plants that are in flower or the butterflies, moths and caterpillars that you see. You might also want to record notable weather and any other wildlife visitors. It is interesting to compare the results from year to year.
2. Provide a nectar source for butterflies and moths all year round.
For moths chose something scented or white or with tubular flowers. The White Valerian Centranthus ruber 'Albus' in my garden kept flowering up until December and has self-seeded profusely all over the gravel – there will be plenty of free new plants for nectar or to share or swap with friends. Your garden records will draw attention to which plants thrive and are popular nectar or food sources and when they are in flower. This will help you to provide nectar for butterflies and moths from spring to autumn and beyond. It could be as simple as planting the evergreen Perennial Wallflower Erysimum‘Bowles Mauve’ which can have purple flowers all year round and is attractive to moths such as the Silver Y and butterflies like the Small Tortoiseshell. If you can have plants in flower during the winter it is useful for any butterflies coming out of hibernation early on warm days - there are several Heathers which are in flower now. 
Check these lists of nectar plants for butterflies and moths to see if there are any more you can add to your garden.
3. Provide foodplants for butterfly and moth caterpillars
Some caterpillars will eat the leaves of a fairly wide range of plants but most are restricted to a few types of plant or even just one plant species. A simple way of encouraging butterflies and moths to breed in your garden is by leaving a small patch of grass to grow long as some caterpillars eat the leaves and roots of native grasses and plants generally considered weeds, such as docks, plantains and dandelions.

In addition to grasses, various trees and herbaceous plants can feed hungry butterfly and moth caterpillars.



4. Plant a tree, shrub or hedge 
Hedges made up of different native shrubs and trees - such as Holly, Hawthorn and Beech - can provide vital food and shelter for garden wildlife such as insects, birds and mammals. Their flowers will provide nectar for butterflies, moths, bees and hoverflies; birds will nest there and feast on berries and nuts; and various invertebrates such as beetles will find cover in the leaf litter under the hedge, along with mice and hedgehogs.




5. Create a pond


Ponds are a wonderful way to attract all kinds of wildlife to your garden. As well as providing much-needed habitat for frogs, toads, newts and dragonflies they also provide a water source for birds and mammals. There are plants to suit all sizes of ponds and depths of water.  Additionally, plants that thrive in the damp, boggy ground next to a pond can be useful for butterflies and moths - Cuckooflower Cardamine pratensis is a foodplant for caterpillars of the lovely spring-flying Orange-tip butterfly. 
Happy Gardening in 2019!
The Secret Gardener


Dig it – January Tips from the Secret Gardener
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Friday, 7 December 2018

Climate change: and the future of butterflies

Here's the latest from Butterfly Conservation:


Dear Jay
It's a quiet month for butterflies and moths with most species tucked away as a caterpillar or chrysalis for the winter; a few will remain in their adult form and enter a state of dormancy to survive the cold. You may see them flying, in search of food, on warmer days. In this month's blog the Secret Gardener recommends flowers that provide nectar at this time of year. You can also discover what to do if hibernating butterflies find their way into your house and the central heating tricks them into thinking spring has arrived early.
A Closer Look At Climate Change

Sir David Attenborough spoke this week at the United Nations Climate Change Summit in Poland, warning that time is running out. He said: "If we don't take action, the collapse of our civilisations and the extinction of much of the natural world is on the horizon."

Butterflies and moths are particularly sensitive to changes in their environment. They react faster than larger animals, which makes them good indicators, providing an early warning that something is amiss.

Five species of butterfly and more than 50 moths have become extinct in the UK in the last 150 years and most remaining species are in decline.

Dig it: Esteemed Evergreen 
'Tis the season to be jolly but if you have plans to deck the halls with boughs of Holly, make sure you leave plenty on the bush.

Evergreen foliage has been brought inside in winter and used as decorations for centuries. Keeping with tradition is probably the most environmentally friendly way to adorn your house this Christmas but remember that evergreens are important for wildlife too.

In this month's blog the Secret Gardener reminds us which butterflies and moths rely on Holly, ivy and pine and why it's worth growing evergreen shrubs in your garden.

      
Look Out For...
Join In
Get the latest news and info on our Facebook page.
Help
Find out how you can give butterflies and moths a future.
Identify
Handy tools to identify a butterfly or day-flying moth.
Species images: Sir David Attenborough (Jim Asher), Holly Blue (Tim Melling), Dormant Peacock (Rich Andrews), December moth (Sue Davies), Purple Hairstreak (Jim Asher).


All Aflutter - December news

Sir David was indeed in Poland this week:
Futures Forum: Climate change: "our greatest threat"

With the full piece on butterflies and climate change here:

Let’s Talk About The Weather

Weather-wise 2018 has been a year of extremes. The Beast from the East blew in bringing heavy snow in March yet two months later, we were basking in higher than average temperatures which led on to a heatwave rivalling the famous summer of 1976. This year there has been more than 200 natural disasters around the world. Heart-wrenching footage of displaced families in the aftermath of earthquakes, tsunamis and wildfires have dominated our news feeds. 
Climate change
Talking about the weather has become more than idle chatter. The trends are hard to ignore and climate change is no longer the elephant in the room.  Sir David Attenborough spoke this week at the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP24) in Poland, urging leaders to take measures to protect the environment - before it’s too late.

“If we don’t take action, the collapse of our civilisations and the extinction of much of the natural world is on the horizon.”
Sir David Attenborough, December 2018
Our changing climate is already influencing the distributions of butterflies and moths in the UK. Mild winter conditions can lead to increases in disease and predation as well as disrupting normal lifecycles, while temperatures in spring determine when many species emerge. More dramatic weather events can wipe out whole colonies. Caterpillars are particularly vulnerable as they rely on the plants that can be destroyed by floods or drought.
The weather at different stages of species development affects population numbers in any given year. A higher than average mortality rate will lead to fewer offspring to breed in the following generation. When unstable conditions persist we see long-term declines and even extinctions. 
Grizzled Skipper
A dangerous combination
The destruction of butterfly and moth habitat is another major driver behind butterfly declines. When lack of habitat is coupled with climate change it means species are less able to find suitable places to live. 
Grizzled Skipper numbers have more than halved since the 1970s. This butterfly is currently restricted to southern England with a handful of isolated colonies left in Wales. A warming climate should enable this species to spread northwards but its opportunities to do so have been severely hampered as agricultural fertilisers have degraded much of the flower-rich grassland habitat the butterflies require rendering it uninhabitable.
Mountain Ringlet
The Mountain Ringlet is an upland species, found on mountains above 350m amidst the spectacular scenery of the Scottish Highlands and the English Lake District. Butterfly Conservation has been tracking its gradual shift north, to escape warmer conditions lower down the mountains. The species has already moved more than 150m and become extinct at lower altitudes. If the warming climate continues to push this butterfly uphill, it will eventually run out of mountain.
It’s not all bad news
Climate change and habitat destruction are of huge concern to conservationists but there is a break in the clouds. The increase in average temperature associated with climate change has, so far at least, been beneficial for some of UK’s butterflies and moths.
Twin-spotted Wainscot
The Twin-spotted Wainscot moth was discovered in Scotland this summer. Never previously seen north of the border this species is a habitat specialist, reliant on reed beds. Its appearance close to the Grangemouth Oil Refinery near Falkirk is proof that the moth is able to extend its range and strengthen populations.
The Speckled Wood butterfly is another success story for Scotland. Fifty years ago this species could only be found on the west coast and around Inverness. The butterfly has expanded rapidly in recent years, with the most recently discovered new colony near an industrial estate in the city of Aberdeen.
But what is the cost of these small wins?
The future
The COP24 climate talks have brought together policy-makers and technology innovators this week, to present a package that will drive forward the reduction of fossil fuels, introduce clean transport and use nature to neutralise Co2.
The reality is that climate change is here, is already causing harm to people and wildlife and is going to get worse. But that should not stop us all from taking action. At both a political and individual level we must take steps to prevent further damage. As Sir David evangelises “Together we can make real change happen.”
With less than a month until New Year’s Eve it’s a good time to think about what your resolution might be for 2019.  If we all choose to do something that will minimise our impact on the natural world we can make a difference.
If you are looking for a new outdoor hobby for 2019 please consider helping us monitor the impact of climate change and habitat loss on our butterflies and moths. Join more than 15,000 volunteer recorders and help us track the species in your area. There are schemes that can be completed in 15 minutes from your back door to fixed routes of up to 4km that can be walked several times a month. Find out more about recording and monitoring
by Catrin Hollingum
Senior Marketing and Campaigns Officer

Let’s Talk About The Weather
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